Bursa ili Çaybaşı bölgesi maden suyu kaynaklarında organoklorlu pestisit kalıntılarının incelenmesi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2021
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Bursa Teknik Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
Özet
Tarımsal alanlardaki üretimi artırmaya yönelik tarım arazilerinde kullanılan zirai ilaç olarak bilinen pestisitler su kaynakları için önemli bir kirletici konumundadır. Organoklorlu pestisitler, kalıcı organik kirleticiler sınıfına ait ilk önemli sentetik organik pestisitlerdir. Çevrede oldukça kalıcı olup yüksek toksisiteye, biyolojik birikime ve kronik hastalıklara yol açabilmektedir. Çevre ve insan sağlığına etkilerinden dolayı DSÖ (Dünya Sağlık Örgütü) ve US EPA (Amerika Birleşik Devletleri Çevre Koruma Ajansı) tarafından organoklorlu pestisit türlerine kısıtlama ve yasaklar getirilmiştir. Toprak üzerinde kalıcılığı yüksek olan bu pestisitlere ülkemizde de kısıtlama ve yasaklar getirilmesine rağmen yasa dışı kullanımları sularda organoklorlu pestisit kalıntılarına rastlanmaktadır. Bu çalışmamızda, Bursa ilinin Osmangazi ilçesine bağlı, maden suyu üretiminin yoğun olduğu Çaybaşı Bölgesi'nde yer alan maden sularında organoklorlu pestisit kalıntıları incelenmiştir. Çalışma, Aralık-2019-Kasım 2020 tarihleri arasında 4 farklı maden suyu kaynak noktası ve o sulardan üretimi gerçekleştirilmiş son üründen aylık olarak numuneler alınarak yapılmıştır. Pestisit analizleri, katı faz ekstraksiyonu (SPE) kullanılarak GC-MS cihazında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Alınan numunelerde, 19 farklı organoklorlu pestisit (alfa-BHC, hekzaklorobenzen, beta-BHC, gama-HCH(lindan), delta-HCH, heptaklor, aldrin, heptaklor epoksit, o,p' DDE, endosülfan I, p,p'DDE, dieldrin, o,p'DDD, endrin, endosülfan II, o,p'DDT, endosülfan sülfat, p,p' DDT, metoksiklor) kalıntısı incelenmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında halk arasında maden suyu olarak bilinen mineralli suların organoklorlu pestisit analizleri için GC-MS'de yeni bir metot oluşturulmuştur. İnsani Kullanım Amaçlı Sular Yönetmeliği ve Doğal Mineralli Sular Yönetmeliği'nde belirtilen pestisit limit değerlerinin cihazda tespiti için zenginleştirme işlemi yapılmıştır. Zenginleştirme işleminde, fazla çözücü gerektirmeyen, zamandan tasarruf sağlayan, analit kayıplarının az olduğu ve sulu örneklerde iyi bir geri kazanım sağlayan C18 SPE kartuşları kullanılmıştır. Oluşturulan metodun geçerliliği için, doğruluk, kesinlik, tespit sınırı (LOD) ve tayin sınırı (LOQ) parametreleri belirlenmiştir. Cihazın, tespit sınırı 0,80-1,49 ?g/L arasında, tayin limiti 2,66-4,97 ?g/L arasında bulunmuştur. Tekrarlanabilirlik için bağıl standart sapma değerleri %0,76-7,19 arasında değişmektedir. Yapılan geri kazanım çalışmasında ise geri kazanımlar % 33-115 arasında tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, 4 farklı kaynak noktasından ve son üründen alınan maden suyu örneklerinin analiz sonuçlarında herhangi bir organoklorlu pestisit kalıntısına rastlanmamıştır.
Pesticides known as agricultural pesticides used in agricultural lands to increase production in agricultural areas are an important contaminant for water resources. Organochlorine pesticides are the first important synthetic organic pesticides belonging to the persistent organic pollutants class. It is very persistent in the environment and can lead to high toxicity, bioaccumulation and chronic diseases. Due to their environmental and human health effects, restrictions and prohibitions have been imposed by WHO and EPA on organochlorine pesticide types. Although restrictions and prohibitions are imposed on these pesticides, which have high persistence on the soil, in our country, organochlorine pesticide residues are found in the waters due to their illegal use. In this study, organochlorine pesticide residues in mineral waters in the Çaybaşı Region, where mineral water production is intense, in Osmangazi district of Bursa province were investigated. The study was conducted between December-2019-November 2020, by taking monthly samples from 4 different mineral water source points and the last product produced from those waters. Pesticide analyzes were performed on the GC-MS device using solid phase extraction (SPE). In the samples taken, 19 different organochlorine pesticides (alpha-BHC, hexachlorobenzene, beta-BHC, gamma-HCH (lindan), delta-HCH, heptachlor, aldrin, heptachlor epoxide b, o,p' DDE, endosulfan I, p,p' DDE , dieldrin, o,p' DDD, endrin, endosulfan II, o,p' DDT, endosulfan sulfate, p,p' DDT, methoxychlor) were investigated. Within the scope of the study, a new method was created in GC-MS for organochlorine pesticide analysis of mineral waters popularly known as mineral water. The enrichment process has been carried out so that we can see the pesticide limit values specified in the Regulation on Water for Human Use and the Regulation on Natural Mineral Waters. In the enrichment process, C18 SPE cartridges that do not require much solvent, save time, have low analyte losses and provide good recovery in aqueous samples were used. For the validity of the method created, the parameters of accuracy, precision, limit of detection (LOD) and limit of detection (LOQ) were determined. For the validity of the created method, the accuracy, precision, LOD and LOQ parameters were determined. The detection limit of the device was found between 0.80-1.49 ?g/L and the detection limit between 2.66-4.97 ?g/L. Relative standard deviation values for repeatability range between 0,76-7,19.In the recycling study, recovery was determined between 33-115%. As a result of the study, no organochlorine pesticide residue was found in the analysis results of the mineral water samples taken from 4 different source points and the final product. As a result of the study, no organochlorine pesticide residue was found in the analysis results of the mineral water samples taken from 4 different source points and the final product.
Pesticides known as agricultural pesticides used in agricultural lands to increase production in agricultural areas are an important contaminant for water resources. Organochlorine pesticides are the first important synthetic organic pesticides belonging to the persistent organic pollutants class. It is very persistent in the environment and can lead to high toxicity, bioaccumulation and chronic diseases. Due to their environmental and human health effects, restrictions and prohibitions have been imposed by WHO and EPA on organochlorine pesticide types. Although restrictions and prohibitions are imposed on these pesticides, which have high persistence on the soil, in our country, organochlorine pesticide residues are found in the waters due to their illegal use. In this study, organochlorine pesticide residues in mineral waters in the Çaybaşı Region, where mineral water production is intense, in Osmangazi district of Bursa province were investigated. The study was conducted between December-2019-November 2020, by taking monthly samples from 4 different mineral water source points and the last product produced from those waters. Pesticide analyzes were performed on the GC-MS device using solid phase extraction (SPE). In the samples taken, 19 different organochlorine pesticides (alpha-BHC, hexachlorobenzene, beta-BHC, gamma-HCH (lindan), delta-HCH, heptachlor, aldrin, heptachlor epoxide b, o,p' DDE, endosulfan I, p,p' DDE , dieldrin, o,p' DDD, endrin, endosulfan II, o,p' DDT, endosulfan sulfate, p,p' DDT, methoxychlor) were investigated. Within the scope of the study, a new method was created in GC-MS for organochlorine pesticide analysis of mineral waters popularly known as mineral water. The enrichment process has been carried out so that we can see the pesticide limit values specified in the Regulation on Water for Human Use and the Regulation on Natural Mineral Waters. In the enrichment process, C18 SPE cartridges that do not require much solvent, save time, have low analyte losses and provide good recovery in aqueous samples were used. For the validity of the method created, the parameters of accuracy, precision, limit of detection (LOD) and limit of detection (LOQ) were determined. For the validity of the created method, the accuracy, precision, LOD and LOQ parameters were determined. The detection limit of the device was found between 0.80-1.49 ?g/L and the detection limit between 2.66-4.97 ?g/L. Relative standard deviation values for repeatability range between 0,76-7,19.In the recycling study, recovery was determined between 33-115%. As a result of the study, no organochlorine pesticide residue was found in the analysis results of the mineral water samples taken from 4 different source points and the final product. As a result of the study, no organochlorine pesticide residue was found in the analysis results of the mineral water samples taken from 4 different source points and the final product.
Açıklama
11.08.2021 tarihine kadar kullanýmý yazar tarafýndan kýsýtlanmýþtýr.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kimya, Chemistry
