Designing and manufacturing superamphiphobic flexible sensors
Yükleniyor...
Dosyalar
Tarih
2023
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Bursa Teknik Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Hızla gelişen teknoloji geleneksel üretimde kullanılan tek fonksiyonlu malzemeler yerine farklı fonksiyonel özellikleri bünyesinde barındıran malzemeleri gerekli kılmaktadır. Tekstil malzemelerinde, lif ve polimerlerde biouyumluluk, antibakteriyel, antistatik, iletken özellikler ile fonksiyonları geliştirecek birçok yöntem bulunmaktadır. Çok fonksiyonlu tekstil malzemelerinin geliştirilmesi ile yeni uygulama alanları da ortaya çıkmıştır. Akıllı tekstiller medikal, savunma, endüstriyel ve çevresel olmak üzere çeşitli alanlarda kullanılmaktadırlar. Akıllı tekstiller sensör ve giyilebilir elektronikler geliştirilmesinde de kullanılmaktadırlar. Teknolojideki son gelişmeler esnek ve gerilebilen sensörlerin geliştirilmesini gerektirmiştir ve sensörlerin hassasiyetini kaybetmeden esnekliğini arttırma üzerine tamamlanmış ve devam eden çok sayıda araştırma bulunmaktadır. Esnek malzemeler, giyilebilir sensörler için çok çeşitli uygulamalar sağlar. Doğrusal olmayan yüzeylere uyma yetenekleri, elastikiyetleri, stres ve gerinim kuvvetleri altında dayanıklılıkları ve eğilme direnci, sensör alt tabakaları olarak esnek malzemelerin tercih edilmesinin nedenlerinden bazılarıdır. Giyilebilir esnek sensörler için esnek alt tabakalar, insan derisi üzerindeki uygulamalarla uyumlu olmalıdır. Bu tez çalışmasında, tekstil ve polimer yüzeylerde su ve yağ itici özelliklere sahip esnek sensörler tasarlanması öngörülmüştür. Süperamfifobik özellik kazandırarak sensörlerin onların yağmur, yağ sızıntısı, korozyon gibi dış etkenlere karşı dayanıklılığını arttırmak hedeflenmiştir, böylece hassasiyeti azaltmadan dayanıklılık ve uzun yaşam süresi sağlanması hedeflenmiştir. Bu çalışmada farklı yüzeyler üzerine esnek sensör tasarlanması ve üretilmesi ve üretilen sensörlere su ve yağ itici özellik kazandırılması üzerine araştırmalar yapılmıştır. Optimal seviyede esneklik için pamuk ve TPU bazlı substrat malzemeler kullanılmış, karbon bazlı (grafit, grafen, katod atık malzemesi) ve polimer bazlı (PEDOT:PSS) iletken mürekkepler farklı konsantrasyonlarda hazırlanmış, doctor blade ve sprey kaplama metodları ile mürekkepler substrat yüzeylerine uygulanmış, elde edilen elektrot su ve yağ itici dispersiyonlarla kaplanarak sonuçlar analiz edilmiştir. Üretilen elektrotlar morfolojik ve elektriksel özellikleri bakımından karakterize edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, grafenin uygulanan mürekkepler arasında en iyi iletkenliğe sahip olduğunu ve mürekkep dağılımındaki karbon bazlı malzemelerin konsantrasyonu ve uygulanan katman sayısı arttıkça sonuçların iyileştiğini göstermiştir. Tekstil uygulamalarında hidrofobik ve oleofobik kaplamalarda kullanılan bir florokarbon dispersiyon olan Tubiguard, ZnSt ve SiO2 ile karıştırıldı ve sonuçlar, hidrofobik özelliklerin büyük ölçüde iyileştirildiğini ve oleofobik özelliklerin de bir miktar gelişme gösterdiğini göstermiştir. Saf haliyle hidrofilik bir malzeme olan pamuk substrat, TPU substratına kıyasla kaplamalar uygulandıktan sonra daha iyi amfifobik özellikler göstermiştir. Pamuklu kumaşın ştapel lifleri, amfifobik özelliklerini iyileştirmeye yardımcı olan kaplamaların uygulanmasıyla mikro hiyerarşik yapılar olarak işlev görerek, su ve yağ iticiliği artırmıştır. Genel olarak bu çalışmada kullanılan malzemeler ve uygulanan yöntemler, maliyetleri optimum seviyede tutmayı ve ticari uygulamalar için elektrotların seri üretimine izin vermeyi amaçlamaktadır ve sonuçlar hedefe ulaşılabilir olduğunu göstermiştir.
Rapidly developing technology necessitates materials with different functional properties instead of single-functional materials used in traditional production. There are many methods to improve biocompatibility, antibacterial, antistatic, conductive properties and functions in textile materials, fibers and polymers. With the development of multifunctional textile materials, new application areas have emerged. Smart textiles are used in various fields such as medical, defense, industrial and environmental. Smart textiles are also used in the development of sensors and wearable electronics. Recent advances in technology have necessitated the development of flexible and stretchable sensors, and there is a great deal of research completed and ongoing on increasing the flexibility of sensors without losing their sensitivity. Flexible materials provide a wide variety of applications for wearable sensors. Their ability to conform to non-linear surfaces, their elasticity, durability under stress and strain forces, and bending resistance are some of the reasons why flexible materials are preferred as sensor substrates. Flexible substrates for wearable flexible sensors must be compatible with applications on human skin. In this thesis, it is foreseen to design flexible sensors with water and oil repellent properties on textile and polymer surfaces. It is aimed to increase the resistance of the sensors against external factors such as rain, oil leakage and corrosion by giving them a superamphiphobic feature, thus providing durability and long life span without reducing the sensitivity. In this study, researches were conducted on the design and production of flexible sensors on different surfaces and the water and oil repellent properties of the produced sensors. For optimal flexibility, cotton and TPU-based substrate materials were used, carbon-based (graphite, graphene, cathode waste material) and polymer-based (PEDOT:PSS) conductive inks were prepared in different concentrations, inks were applied to the substrate surfaces with doctor blade and spray coating methods, The results were analyzed by coating the electrode with water and oil repellent dispersions. The produced electrodes were characterized in terms of their morphological and electrical properties. Cotton and TPU-based substrate materials were used for optimal flexibility, carbon-based (graphite, graphene, cathode waste material) and polymer-based (PEDOT:PSS) conductive inks were prepared in different concentrations. Inks were applied to the substrate surfaces as 1, 2 and 3 layers of coating by using doctor blade and spray coating methods, the obtained electrode was coated with water and oil repellent fluorocarbon and zinc stearate, silicon dioxide dispersions and the results were analyzed. The produced electrodes were characterized in terms of their morphological and electrical properties. The results showed that graphene had the best conductivity among the inks applied and the results improved as the concentration of carbon-based materials in the ink dispersion and the number of applied layers increased. Tubiguard, a fluorocarbon dispersion used in textile applications hydrophobic and oleophobic coatings was mixed with ZnSt and SiO2 and the results showed that hydrophobic properties were greatly improved and oleophobic properties also showed some improvement. Cotton substrate, a hydrophilic material in its pure form, showed better amphiphobic characteristics after the coatings were applied compared to TPU substrate. The staple fibers of cotton fabric acted as microhiearchical structures with the application of coatings which helped improve their amphiphobic properties. Overall the materials used and methods applied in this study are aimed to keep the costs at an optimal level and allow mass production of electrodes for commercial applications and the results show that the goal is achievable.
Rapidly developing technology necessitates materials with different functional properties instead of single-functional materials used in traditional production. There are many methods to improve biocompatibility, antibacterial, antistatic, conductive properties and functions in textile materials, fibers and polymers. With the development of multifunctional textile materials, new application areas have emerged. Smart textiles are used in various fields such as medical, defense, industrial and environmental. Smart textiles are also used in the development of sensors and wearable electronics. Recent advances in technology have necessitated the development of flexible and stretchable sensors, and there is a great deal of research completed and ongoing on increasing the flexibility of sensors without losing their sensitivity. Flexible materials provide a wide variety of applications for wearable sensors. Their ability to conform to non-linear surfaces, their elasticity, durability under stress and strain forces, and bending resistance are some of the reasons why flexible materials are preferred as sensor substrates. Flexible substrates for wearable flexible sensors must be compatible with applications on human skin. In this thesis, it is foreseen to design flexible sensors with water and oil repellent properties on textile and polymer surfaces. It is aimed to increase the resistance of the sensors against external factors such as rain, oil leakage and corrosion by giving them a superamphiphobic feature, thus providing durability and long life span without reducing the sensitivity. In this study, researches were conducted on the design and production of flexible sensors on different surfaces and the water and oil repellent properties of the produced sensors. For optimal flexibility, cotton and TPU-based substrate materials were used, carbon-based (graphite, graphene, cathode waste material) and polymer-based (PEDOT:PSS) conductive inks were prepared in different concentrations, inks were applied to the substrate surfaces with doctor blade and spray coating methods, The results were analyzed by coating the electrode with water and oil repellent dispersions. The produced electrodes were characterized in terms of their morphological and electrical properties. Cotton and TPU-based substrate materials were used for optimal flexibility, carbon-based (graphite, graphene, cathode waste material) and polymer-based (PEDOT:PSS) conductive inks were prepared in different concentrations. Inks were applied to the substrate surfaces as 1, 2 and 3 layers of coating by using doctor blade and spray coating methods, the obtained electrode was coated with water and oil repellent fluorocarbon and zinc stearate, silicon dioxide dispersions and the results were analyzed. The produced electrodes were characterized in terms of their morphological and electrical properties. The results showed that graphene had the best conductivity among the inks applied and the results improved as the concentration of carbon-based materials in the ink dispersion and the number of applied layers increased. Tubiguard, a fluorocarbon dispersion used in textile applications hydrophobic and oleophobic coatings was mixed with ZnSt and SiO2 and the results showed that hydrophobic properties were greatly improved and oleophobic properties also showed some improvement. Cotton substrate, a hydrophilic material in its pure form, showed better amphiphobic characteristics after the coatings were applied compared to TPU substrate. The staple fibers of cotton fabric acted as microhiearchical structures with the application of coatings which helped improve their amphiphobic properties. Overall the materials used and methods applied in this study are aimed to keep the costs at an optimal level and allow mass production of electrodes for commercial applications and the results show that the goal is achievable.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Polimer Bilim ve Teknolojisi, Polymer Science and Technology
