Tel ark eklemeli imalat yönteminde proses parametrelerinin etkilerinin incelenmesi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2021
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Bursa Teknik Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Eklemeli imalat teknolojisi, içinde bulunduğumuz Endüstri 4.0 sanayi devriminin en önemli üretim metotlarından biridir. Üç boyutlu yazıcı prensibinin kullanıldığı eklemeli imalat teknolojisi, geleneksel üretim metotlarına göre önemli avantajlar sunmaktadır. Diğer eklemeli imalat çeşitlerine göre avantajlar içeren tel ark eklemeli imalat metodu ise eklemeli imalat çeşitleri arasında en hızlı gelişen yöntemlerden biridir. Sahip olduğu bir çok avantajın yanında, tel ark eklemeli imalat yönteminde kaynak parametrelerinin doğru belirlenmesi, üretilmek istenilen parça kalitesini en çok etkileyen etmendir. Bu çalışma kapsamında, ER-4043 alüminyum alaşımının kullanıldığı tel ark eklemeli imalat metodunda, tel hızı (akım değeri), ark boyu (voltaj değeri) ve robot hızı parametrelerinin üretilen parçanın mekanik özelliklerine olan etkileri incelenmiştir. Taguchi deneysel tasarım yöntemi kullanılarak belirlenen dokuz farklı kaynak parametre setinin kullanıldığı ve üretilen parçalarda en iyi mekanik özelliklere ulaşılmasının hedeflendiği ideal kaynak parametrelerine ulaşabilmek amacıyla, dokuz adet takoz parça üretilmiştir. İlk olarak, robotik üretim hattında üretilen bu parçaların yüzeyleri, mekanik testlerin yapılabilmesi için freze ve taşlama makinaları ile temizlenmiş ve iç yapılarındaki boşlukların incelenebilmesi amacıyla X-Ray radyografik çekimleri yapılmıştır. Ardından, tel erezyon makinası yardımı ile takoz parça levhalarından test numuneleri istenilen ölçülere göre kesilerek çıkarılmıştır. Numune parçalar üzerinde çekme testleri, Charpy darbe testleri ve sertlik belirleme testleri yapılarak numune parçaların mekanik dayanımları tespit edilmiştir. Son olarak Taguchi metodu yardımı ile test numunelerinin mekanik dayanımlarına en çok etkisi bulunan kaynak parametreleri belirlenerek en iyi mekanik dayanıma ulaşmayı sağlayan kaynak parametre setleri tespit edilmiştir. Yapılan değerlendirmede, üretilen parçaların mekanik dayanımlarını etkileyen en önemli parametrelerin ark boyu (voltaj değeri) ve tel hızı (akım değeri) olduğu görülmüştür. En iyi mekanik dayanım değerlerine ulaşılan parametre setleri ile üretilen takoz parça levhalarındaki radyografik görünümlerde ise çok az sayıda iç boşluk oluştuğu tespit edilmiştir. Çekme dayanımında en etkili sonuca 4 m/dk tel hızı, -30 ark boyu ve 60 cm/dk robot hızı parametreleri ile üretilen parçada ulaşılmıştır. Uzamada, 5 m/dk tel hızı, -30 ark boyu ve 40 cm/dk robot hızı parametreleri ile üretilen parçanın en iyi performansı gösterdiği görülmüştür. Darbe dayanımında en etkili sonucun ise, 6 m/dk tel hızı, -30 ark boyu ve 50 cm/dk robot hızı parametre seti ile elde edildiği görülmüştür.
Additive manufacturing technology is one of the most critical production methods of the Industry 4.0 revolution. Additive manufacturing technology, in which the three-dimensional printer principle is used, offers significant advantages over traditional production methods. The wire arc additive manufacturing method, which has advantages over other additive manufacturing types, is one of the fastest developing methods among additive manufacturing types. In addition to its many advantages, the correct determination of welding parameters in the wire arc additive manufacturing method is the factor that most affects the quality of the part to be produced. In this study, the effects of wire speed (current value), arc length (voltage value), and robot speed parameters on the mechanical properties of the manufactured part were investigated in the wire arc additive manufacturing method using ER-4043 aluminum alloy. Nine test pieces were produced in order to reach the ideal welding parameters. Nine parameter sets determined using the Taguchi experimental design method were used, and the best mechanical properties of the produced parts were aimed to be achieved. Firstly, the surfaces of these parts produced in the robotic production line were prepared with milling and grinding machines in order to carry out mechanical tests. After that, X-Ray radiographic pictures were taken to examine the porosity in their internal structures. Then, with the help of a wire erosion machine, the test samples were cut from the test piece plates according to the desired dimensions. Tensile strength tests, Charpy impact tests, and hardness tests were performed on the sample parts, and the mechanical strengths of the sample parts were determined. Finally, with the help of the Taguchi method, the welding parameters that have the most effect on the mechanical strengths of the test specimens were determined, and the welding parameter sets that provided the best mechanical strengths were determined. In the evaluation, it was observed that the most critical parameters affecting the mechanical strengths of the parts are arc length (voltage value) and wire speed (current value). It was seen that very few internal pores were formed in the test piece plates produced with the parameter sets that achieved the best mechanical strength values. The most effective result in tensile strength was achieved with the parameter set of 4 m/min wire speed, -30 arc length, and 60 cm/min robot speed. In elongation, it was seen that the part produced with the parameters of 5 m/min wire speed, -30 arc length, and 40 cm/min robot speed showed the best performance. Moreover, it was observed that the most effective result in impact resistance was obtained with 6 m/min wire speed, -30 arc length, and 50 cm/min robot speed parameter set.
Additive manufacturing technology is one of the most critical production methods of the Industry 4.0 revolution. Additive manufacturing technology, in which the three-dimensional printer principle is used, offers significant advantages over traditional production methods. The wire arc additive manufacturing method, which has advantages over other additive manufacturing types, is one of the fastest developing methods among additive manufacturing types. In addition to its many advantages, the correct determination of welding parameters in the wire arc additive manufacturing method is the factor that most affects the quality of the part to be produced. In this study, the effects of wire speed (current value), arc length (voltage value), and robot speed parameters on the mechanical properties of the manufactured part were investigated in the wire arc additive manufacturing method using ER-4043 aluminum alloy. Nine test pieces were produced in order to reach the ideal welding parameters. Nine parameter sets determined using the Taguchi experimental design method were used, and the best mechanical properties of the produced parts were aimed to be achieved. Firstly, the surfaces of these parts produced in the robotic production line were prepared with milling and grinding machines in order to carry out mechanical tests. After that, X-Ray radiographic pictures were taken to examine the porosity in their internal structures. Then, with the help of a wire erosion machine, the test samples were cut from the test piece plates according to the desired dimensions. Tensile strength tests, Charpy impact tests, and hardness tests were performed on the sample parts, and the mechanical strengths of the sample parts were determined. Finally, with the help of the Taguchi method, the welding parameters that have the most effect on the mechanical strengths of the test specimens were determined, and the welding parameter sets that provided the best mechanical strengths were determined. In the evaluation, it was observed that the most critical parameters affecting the mechanical strengths of the parts are arc length (voltage value) and wire speed (current value). It was seen that very few internal pores were formed in the test piece plates produced with the parameter sets that achieved the best mechanical strength values. The most effective result in tensile strength was achieved with the parameter set of 4 m/min wire speed, -30 arc length, and 60 cm/min robot speed. In elongation, it was seen that the part produced with the parameters of 5 m/min wire speed, -30 arc length, and 40 cm/min robot speed showed the best performance. Moreover, it was observed that the most effective result in impact resistance was obtained with 6 m/min wire speed, -30 arc length, and 50 cm/min robot speed parameter set.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Mekatronik Mühendisliği, Mechatronics Engineering
