M1 sınıfı ulaşım araçları için engelli lifti tasarımı ve analizi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2023
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Bursa Teknik Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Toplumu oluşturan tüm bireylerin her türlü fırsat ve imkanlardan eşit derecede faydalanmaları gerekir. Bu konu hem ulusal hem de uluslararası çeşitli hak ve yasalarca güvence altına alınmıştır. Son yasal düzenlemelere göre 2018 yılından itibaren ülkemizdeki toplu taşıma araçlarında ve özel araçlarda engelli bireylerin araçlarına erişebilmeleri için yeni sistemler geliştirilmeye başlamıştır. Bu çalışmada, M1 sınıfı araçlara uygun 350 kg kapasiteye sahip bir engelli lifti tasarlanmıştır. Tasarlanan liftin platformunun sonlu elemanlar yöntemi ile analizi yapılmıştır. Platform üzerinde kullanılan 30x30 kare profillerin kalınlıkları değiştirilerek analiz sonuçları karşılaştırılmıştır. Platformun olağan koşullarda dayanımlarının ve yorulma ömürlerinin azamiye çıkarılmasına çalışılmıştır. İlk olarak, M1 sınıfı aracın ölçüleri tanımlanıp liftin araca montaj braketi tasarlanmıştır. Montaj braketi tasarlanırken aracın şaseleriyle bağlantılı olması, yüksek mukavemetli, düşük ağırlıklı ve boyutlarının minimum seviyede tutulması gözönünde bulundurulmuştur. Sonrasında montaj braketi ile ana kol bağlantısı arasına parallel kollar tasarlanmıştır. Paralel kollar ile beraber ana kolun tasarımı tamamlanmıştır. İkinci olarak standart bir platform tasarımı yapılmıştır. Platform tasarımında 30x30 kare profili kullanılmıştır. Kare profilin kalınlığı 3 mm olarak seçilmiştir. Platform üzerinde yanlara açılır iki kanat sistemi tasarımı yapılmıştır. Bunun sebebi araç içerisinde acil bir durumda yolcunun sağ ve sol tarafı kullanamaması durumunda arka kapıdan çıkmasını sağlamaktır. Üçüncü aşamada ele alınan platformun 1 mm, 2 mm ve 3 mm kalınlıkları için sonlu elemanlar yöntemiyle analizleri yapılmıştır. Çıkan sonuç değerlerine göre 1 mm profilin sisteme uygun olmadığı anlaşılmıştır. 2 mm ve 3 mm kalınlık değerleri için yorulma ömürleri ve ağırlıkları karşılaştırılmıştır. Lift tasarımı yapılırken 2006/42/AT Makine Emniyet Yönetmeliğinin ve TS ISO 9386-1 Hareket Engelliler için Güç Tahrikli Kaldırma Platformları Emniyet, Boyutlar ve İşlevsel Çalışma ile İlgili Kurallar Bölüm 1: Düşey Kaldırma Platformları yönetmeliğinin kuralları uygulanmıştır. Tasarım ile beraber liftin hidrolik şeması ve elektrik şemaları çizilmiştir. Mekanik tasarım yapılırken CAD programı olan Catia V5 [24], hidrolik şema için FluidSIM [25], elektrik şeması için Proteus [26] ve analiz için Ansys [23] programlarından yararlanılmıştır.
All of the opportunities and opportunities should be distributed fairly among the people that make up the society. Numerous laws and rights at the national and international levels protect this subject. Since 2018, new methods have been developed in our country in compliance with the most recent legislative regulations to allow disabled individuals access to both public transit and private autos. As a result, a disabled lift for M1 class cars was developed in this study with a 350kilogram capacity. The finite element approach was used to assess the platform of the designed lift. The 30x30 square profiles that were employed on the platform had their thicknesses modified, and the analysis's findings were compared. Under typical circumstances, efforts have been made to increase the platform's strength and fatigue life. The measurements of the M1 class vehicle were acquired prior to creating the mounting bracket for the lift to the vehicle. The mounting bracket's connection to the vehicle's chassis, as well as its high strength, low weight, and compact design, have all been taken into account. The mounting bracket was then connected to the main arm with the help of parallel arms. The main arm's design was completed with the parallel arms. Second, a common platform design was created. The platform was designed with a square profile of 30x30. The square profile's thickness was held constant at 3 mm. Two wings on the platform with side openings were planned. The goal is to give the passenger a back door exit in the event they are unable to use the right or left sides of the car during an emergency. The platform presented was examined using the finite element approach in the third stage at thicknesses of 1 mm, 2 mm, and 3 mm. The 1 mm profile is not appropriate for the system, as determined by the result values. Therefore, only the 2 mm and 3 mm platform thicknesses were examined for fatigue lifetimes and weights. While designing the lift, attention was paid to the 2006/42/AT Machinery Safety Regulation and TS ISO 9386-1 Power Driven Lifting Platforms for Disabled of Motion Rules for Safety, Dimensions, and Functional Operation Part 1: Vertical Lifting Platforms. Along with the mechanical design, the hydraulic and electrical diagrams of the lift were drawn. The mechanical design, schematic hydraulic diagram, electrical diagram, and structural analysis were all completed using the CAD software Catia V5, FluidSIM, Proteus, and ANSYS, respectively.
All of the opportunities and opportunities should be distributed fairly among the people that make up the society. Numerous laws and rights at the national and international levels protect this subject. Since 2018, new methods have been developed in our country in compliance with the most recent legislative regulations to allow disabled individuals access to both public transit and private autos. As a result, a disabled lift for M1 class cars was developed in this study with a 350kilogram capacity. The finite element approach was used to assess the platform of the designed lift. The 30x30 square profiles that were employed on the platform had their thicknesses modified, and the analysis's findings were compared. Under typical circumstances, efforts have been made to increase the platform's strength and fatigue life. The measurements of the M1 class vehicle were acquired prior to creating the mounting bracket for the lift to the vehicle. The mounting bracket's connection to the vehicle's chassis, as well as its high strength, low weight, and compact design, have all been taken into account. The mounting bracket was then connected to the main arm with the help of parallel arms. The main arm's design was completed with the parallel arms. Second, a common platform design was created. The platform was designed with a square profile of 30x30. The square profile's thickness was held constant at 3 mm. Two wings on the platform with side openings were planned. The goal is to give the passenger a back door exit in the event they are unable to use the right or left sides of the car during an emergency. The platform presented was examined using the finite element approach in the third stage at thicknesses of 1 mm, 2 mm, and 3 mm. The 1 mm profile is not appropriate for the system, as determined by the result values. Therefore, only the 2 mm and 3 mm platform thicknesses were examined for fatigue lifetimes and weights. While designing the lift, attention was paid to the 2006/42/AT Machinery Safety Regulation and TS ISO 9386-1 Power Driven Lifting Platforms for Disabled of Motion Rules for Safety, Dimensions, and Functional Operation Part 1: Vertical Lifting Platforms. Along with the mechanical design, the hydraulic and electrical diagrams of the lift were drawn. The mechanical design, schematic hydraulic diagram, electrical diagram, and structural analysis were all completed using the CAD software Catia V5, FluidSIM, Proteus, and ANSYS, respectively.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Engelli lifti, tasarım, yorulma analizi, statik analiz, Disabled lift, design, fatigue analysis, static analysis
